As of 2013, most people have encountered or used PowerPoint in a business or academic setting. Anyone who has sat through a PowerPoint presentation can most likely recall an instance when it was ineffective, i.e. too little or too much information; watered-down content; reliance on poor visual aids. In contrast, one can usually recall a PowerPoint that was very useful for its brevity and direct take-away information. Edward R. Tufte’s “The Cognitive Style of PowerPoint” sharply dissects the rhetorical format for its shortcomings.
Throughout 31 pages he is hypercritical of PowerPoint and its usefulness. Using the example of NASA  (10-11), he counts the writer’s use of the words “significant” and “significantly”, a total usage of five times. This was clearly a mistake on the writer’s part, no doubt. Using this and other facts, Tufte comes to the conclusion that NASA would be better off using other methods of disseminating information as “serious problems require a serious tool: written reports” (14).
While PowerPoint appears to be ill-suited for scientific information, I believe it does have a place in many business settings. Many people I know in various aspects of the business world use it effectively in their roles. They also have no choice but to use PowerPoint in many circumstances;  their livelihood depends upon it. When used effectively, PowerPoint can be a constructive tool to communicate a cohesive visual message. The presenter needs to use it to its potential—avoiding unnecessary tricks—while engaging the audience.
Clearly an intelligent man, Tufte’s argument can be overwhelming at times. I actually found it necessary to step away from this reading in order to regain momentum, it almost felt like arguing with a drunk about politics and/or religion. However scathing his message may be, his passion for visual rhetoric is quite compelling. I’m actually interested in reading his other works for their content and approach to analysis. This could parallel a love-hate relationship model for me! The link below is a helpful reminder of how a presenter can better use PowerPoint more effectively.

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In class, we discussed Scott McCloud's "Understanding Comics," which is really the seminal work in well, understanding comics.  McCloud discusses just about every, and any aspect of comics that can be conceived, and our discussion on 'gutters' was interesting, as I hadn't read "Understanding Comics" in some ten years.

As an avid comics fan (buff?), I had always been told that Neal Adams was one of the genre-defining comics-book artists of his day (which happened to precede me by some 15 years).  As you can see in the examples to the right, his use of panel arrangement was completely "outside-the-box," to coin a phrase that came up in class.  That is not the interesting part, however.

Trap. The combination of the genres of trance and rap usually through sound mixing and editing, has become a staple of parties and festival shows. They share similar use of synth, heavy base and spoken words to create music. But what interests me out of these is the artwork and how the artwork mimics the mixing of themes between rap and techno much in the same way the music does.

Arguably one of the most recognizable symbols in the Western cultural lexicon, or even that of Eastern cultures, is the silhouette of Mickey Mouse. Popularized in the late 1920s by a series of short films, America’s favorite rodent has come to represent the Walt Disney Studios and the Disney corporation at large.

The above comic by Robert Berry appears in his Ulysses “Seen” adaptation of the James Joyce novel Ulysses.

We watched "The Machine is Us/ing Us" and had an interesting class discussion on whether it was a scholarly work or not. It was not, perhaps, “scholarly”; but it was an argument, and it made me think about the sociology of internet communication.

During our in-class discussion of Scott McCloud's "Understanding Comics: The Invisible Art," the composer brought up gutters, the space in between frames of a comic (or newspaper, cartoon or other media).  In a comic, as McCloud states in the image to the right, gutters "play host to the magic and mystery that are at the very heart of comics."  These gutters are vital, and can serve as more than a space to let the reader's mind wander.

When we talked in class about usability and the internet, it sounded like the conclusion as to what makes a usable website is simplicity. Creating a website to serve a very obvious purpose is the key to usability. But even when a site is usable, there are aesthetics that make a website a more enjoyable experience for the user. Color, formatting, and graphic elements can enhance usability by making a website visually appealing.

In Vitaly Friedman's article "10 Usability Nightmares You Should Be Aware Of," the first item listed is  problematic hidden login links on websites. Friedman uses Backpack as an example because the login link is very small and placed right underneath a block of text that looks like an advertisement, rather than placing the login somewhere else on the page where it can be easily located.

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Of the recent readings for this course, I feel most compelled to comment on the writings of Jakob Nielsen. I had heard of him before, touted as the leading expert of usability. A great deal of the discussion in class was devoted to some apparent contradictions between his ethos and one of his now defunct websites. However, I noticed contradictions on the very page we were asked to look at for class.

Professor John Logie teaches us that comics have a place in academia. He teaches it in Visual Rhetoric. Why not? Comics are visual and they are graphic and they are certainly full of rhetoric. Comics teach us to engage ourselves with the comic we are viewing, on our own time, in our own space. Professor Logie teaches that Scott McCloud's "Understanding Comics" is an essential book to do just that, understand comics.
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